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Magnetic materials
Magnetic materials are ferrous or sintered metals whose function in electrical engineering is to either temporarily adopt magnetic properties (magnetically soft materials, electromagnets) or to become permanently magnetised (permanent magnets).
Todays high-capacity permanent magnetic materials consist not only of a suitable type of steel, but are a mix (and usually sintered) of a variety of substances. Permanent magnetic materials have special properties depending on their constituents which include metals like aluminium, nickel, cobalt (AlNiCo) and ceramic components. Special high-performance magnetic materials are obtained if rare earths like lanthanum, neodym, samarium, scandium, yttrium are added as components. For cost reasons these magnetic materials are only used for special purposes.
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